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A Hand-Painted Typographic Experiment by Tien-Min Liao





 

10 Facts that Everyone gets Wrong:



1. "Humans Have Five Senses." There are lots more, too, although the lists vary and the final number-of-senses tally is in great dispute. One is "proprioception", which helps you pass the "close your eyes and touch your nose" test.

2. "Mount Everest Is The Tallest Mountain in the World." A mountain is highest in regard to how far it soars above sea level. Technically Mount Everest is tallest from base to summit but Mauna Kea kills it at being the highest summit.
3. "Columbus Was the First European to Discover North America." That honor generally goes to some Viking named Leif Erickson, who is believed by historians to have made his way from Scandinavia to Newfoundland a good five hundred years before ‘ol Chris was even born.
4. "Chameleons Change Color to Blend in with Surroundings." Chameleon color-changing is typically triggered by physical, physiological and emotional changes. They'll also change colors as a way of communicating in various manners and to pick a fight with a competitor. Light and temperature play a big part, too, in how these little fancy pantses look.
5. "Alexander Graham Bell Invented the Telephone." Some historians maintain that another fellow named Elisha Gray was the first to create a working telephone, only to see Bell get all the credit for it.
6. "Different Parts of Your Tongue Detect Different Tastes." More recent studies show that most people can sense different tastes all over their tongues.
7. "Dogs sweat by salivating." Dogs have sweat glands all over their body. They sweat primarily through their footpads.
8. "Bulls are enraged by the color red." Bulls are color blind. Being dichromats, it isn't the color of the cape that bothers them, but the movement of the fabric. This incites the bull to charge.
9. "Body Heat Dissipates Mainly Through the Head." You lose just as much heat per square inch through your head as you do through the rest of the body.
10. "Snakes hear and react to Music." They can feel vibrations but in a snake charming act they are actually responding to the movements made by the snake charmer and not the sound of the flute.
 

Courage Comes With Practice

Essayist Theresa MacPhail

I grew up with a lot of restrictions and rules that were meant to protect me. I couldn't walk home from school by myself, even though everyone I knew already did. I couldn't attend pajama parties or go to summer camp, because what if something happened to me?

As I got older, the list of things to fear got longer. My entire life was divided into "things you should avoid" and "things you needed to do in order to have a good, long life." I know my mom was only trying to protect me. She worried about me because after my brother died, I was her only child — and what if something happened to me? What if?

I became a natural worrier. I worry about things like getting cancer, losing my wallet, car accidents, earthquakes, having a brain aneurysm, losing my job and my plane crashing — disasters big and small, real and imagined.

The funny part is you'd never know it by looking at my life, because I'm constantly forcing myself to do the things that frighten or worry me. In fact, I've developed a rule for myself: If it scares me, then I have to do it at least once. I've done lots of things that my mom would have worried about: I've ridden a motorcycle, I've traveled — a lot. In fact, I've lived in China. I've performed stand-up comedy, and I'm planning my second wedding. I still travel to China often, chasing bird flu as a medical anthropologist.

There's something else I don't usually talk about, but it's a cornerstone in my belief: When I was 14, my mother died suddenly in a car accident. That loss, on top of my brother's unnatural death, could have paralyzed me, but at my mom's funeral I remember making a choice. I could either live out the rest of my life trying to be "safe" or I could be brave enough to live out a fulfilling, exciting and, yes, sometimes dangerous life.

I worry that I may have betrayed my mother by writing about her in this light, but she has been a driving force in my life — and in the end I think she would have been proud of me. Courage isn't a natural attribute of human beings. I believe that we have to practice being courageous; using courage is like developing a muscle. The more often I do things that scare me or that make me uncomfortable, the more I realize that I can do a lot more than I originally thought I could do.

Even though I inherited my mother's cautious nature, I've also come to believe that fear can be a good thing, if we face it. Believing that has made my world a less scary place.
by THERESA MACPHAIL
 

How To Survive Life's Tests



Kendra Jones
I believe in toughness, steeliness and even meanness.

I learned these traits from my father. Toughness came first. I am the first-born and the son he never had. I'm the one he took to the gym, the one who could run faster than the boys, the one who played all day with a broken collarbone. I'm the one who thought my daddy was the toughest man around — and I wanted to be just like him. He never missed a day of school, worked as a dishwasher to pay his college tuition, and toiled as an accountant by day and attended law school at night.

My dad also taught me steeliness, an unwillingness to surrender. Steeliness kept me from being raped once. I fought my attacker. I left an imprint of my phone on his face. I memorized details of his face and clothing. Determined to keep other women from being violated, I identified him, testified against him and made sure he went to jail.

Sometimes even toughness and steeliness aren't enough. I also believe in meanness.

I am not a large woman; petite, in fact. I cannot command respect with my presence and stature. As a community college English instructor in a tough town, I teach people who aren't always eager to learn. I'm the mean teacher. I like to push students harder than they want to be pushed. Some of them don't like me at the time, but they usually end up appreciating me later on. "Hate me now, love me later" is my motto.

I'm even mean with myself. Sometimes it's meanness that gets me out of bed in the morning, like after a night of drinking too much. I'm not nice to myself — I don't give myself permission to stay home. Some of my best teaching days have been the result of my refusal to make others suffer for my poor self-discipline. Meanness with myself keeps me accountable.

That tough and steely will my father gave me helps me bear the loss of him. I watched him die of cancer, but he never gave up on wanting to live. Perhaps it would have been easier on both him and the family had he given in to death, had he not fought to the absolute last breath. Although I do not have him in my life anymore, I got to see him as himself to the very end of his. I understand the poet Dylan Thomas, who pleads with his own father to "rage, rage against the dying of the light."

Women are usually encouraged to be gentle. But when life has tested me the most, I believe it's my toughness, my steeliness and even my meanness that get me through.
by KENDRA JONES
 

We're All Different in Our Own Ways

Joshua Yuchasz
if everyone in the world was exactly alike? What if everyone talked the same, acted the same, listened to the same music and watched the same TV programs? The world would be extremely dull!
I believe it's important to accept people for who they are.
Differences are important and they should be respected. For example, many important people throughout history were considered different, such as Thomas Edison, Albert Einstein, Harriet Tubman, Peter Tchaikovsky and Abraham Lincoln. They did great things, but some people thought they were weird because they had strong feelings about something. I can relate to these people because I've been in that situation before, many times.
It all started in elementary school when I realized that I wasn't like everyone else. My mom says that I have a tendency of obsessing on certain subjects. Unfortunately, these subjects don't interest other kids my age and they really don't interest my teachers. In fact, my kindergarten teacher said she would scream if I mentioned snakes or lizards one more time while she was teaching the days of the week. I would get in trouble for not paying attention — and the teasing began.
In third grade, my teacher informed me that I have Asperger's Syndrome. I said, "So what? Do you know that Godzilla's suit weighs 188 pounds?"
Later, I asked my mom, "What is Asperger's Syndrome? Am I gonna die?" She said that it's like having blinders on, and that I can only see one thing at a time, and that it's hard to focus on other things. Like I would tell anyone and everyone that would listen about Godzilla because my big obsession was, and still is, Godzilla — not a real popular subject with the middle school crowd, and so the teasing continues.
I might be different because I have different interests than other teenagers, but that doesn't give them the right to be so mean and cruel to me. Kids at Oak Valley make fun of me for liking what I like the most.
People also make fun of me for knowing facts about volcanoes, whales, tornadoes and many other scientific things. My mom says that she has been able to answer many questions onJeopardy! just by listening to what I have to say, but I've even been ridiculed for being smart.
Maybe someday I'll become a gene engineer and create the real Godzilla. I can dream, can't I?
Sometimes I wish I were like everyone else, but not really. Because I believe people should be respected for being different because we're all different in our own ways. This I believe.
by JOSHUA YUCHASZ
 

I Am Still The Greatest

Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali) spars with challenger Floyd Patterson in 1965.

I have always believed in myself, even as a young child growing up in Louisville, Ky. My parents instilled a sense of pride and confidence in me, and taught me and my brother that we could be the best at anything. I must have believed them, because I remember being the neighborhood marble champion and challenging my neighborhood buddies to see who could jump the tallest hedges or run a foot race the length of the block. Of course I knew when I made the challenge that I would win. I never even thought of losing.In high school, I boasted weekly — if not daily — that one day I was going to be the heavyweight champion of the world. As part of my boxing training, I would run down Fourth Street in downtown Louisville, darting in and out of local shops, taking just enough time to tell them I was training for the Olympics and I was going to win a gold medal. And when I came back home, I was going to turn pro and become the world heavyweight champion in boxing. I never thought of the possibility of failing — only of the fame and glory I was going to get when I won. I could see it. I could almost feel it. When I proclaimed that I was the "Greatest of All Time," I believed in myself. And I still do.Throughout my entire boxing career, my belief in my abilities triumphed over the skill of an opponent. My will was stronger than their skills. What I didn't know was that my will would be tested even more when I retired.In 1984, I was conclusively diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Since that diagnosis, my symptoms have increased and my ability to speak in audible tones has diminished. If there was anything that would strike at the core of my confidence in myself, it would be this insidious disease. But my confidence and will to continue to live life as I choose won't be compromised.Early in 1996, I was asked to light the caldron at the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta. Of course my immediate answer was yes. I never even thought of having Parkinson's or what physical challenges that would present for me.When the moment came for me to walk out on the 140-foot-high scaffolding and take the torch from Janet Evans, I realized I had the eyes of the world on me. I also realized that as I held the Olympic torch high above my head, my tremors had taken over. Just at that moment, I heard a rumble in the stadium that became a pounding roar and then turned into a deafening applause. I was reminded of my 1960 Olympic experience in Rome, when I won the gold medal. Those 36 years between Rome and Atlanta flashed before me, and I realized that I had come full circle.
 

Funny or Interesting Anagrams


Mother-in-law = Woman Hitler
John Mayer = Enjoy harm
president barack hussein obama: a maniac presides. the banks rob u
William Shakespeare: I'll make a wise phrase
Jay Leno: Enjoy L.A.
Gene Simmons: Immense Song
Motley Crue: Me Cruel Toy
Bob Marley: Marble Boy
The Morse Code = Here Come Dots
Belgium = Big mule
The eyes = They see
Barbie doll = Liberal bod
George Bush = He bugs Gore
Waitress = A stew, Sir?
Guinness draught = naughtiness drug
Breasts = Bra sets
The Titanic disaster = Death, it starts in ice
Apple Products = Support Placed
Western Union = No Wire Unsent
Bruce Springsteen = Creep brings tunes
Tom Cruise = So I'm Cuter
vegetarian = ate in grave
graduation = out in a drag
Dick Cheney = Needy Chick
Debit card = Bad credit
A Decimal Point = I'm a Dot in Place
Jennifer Aniston = fine in torn jeans
Achievements = Nice, save them
Clothespins = So Let's Pinch
Christine = Nice Shirt
Spice Girls = Pig Slices
The Cincinnati Reds = Indecent Christian
Dormitory = Dirty Room
Confessional = On scale of sin
David Letterman = Nerd Amid Late TV
Princess Diana = end is a car spin
President W = Newest Drip
Statue of Liberty = Built to Stay Free
Laxative = exit lava
Evangelist = Evil's Agent
George W Bush = he grew bogus
Beavis and Butthead = Thus, be a bad deviant
Astronomer = moon starer
Apple, Inc = Epic Plan
San Francisco Giants- Fascinating, No scars
Pre Calculus = Call up curse
Stupid Girl = Drips Guilt
madonna louise ciccone = one cool dance musician
The United States of America = Attaineth its cause, freedom
Desperation = A Rope Ends It
Dancing with the stars = Winners had tight acts
Sherlock Holmes = He'll mesh crooks
Frito Lay = Oily Fart
Baseball = Babes All
Conversation = Voices Rant On
Astronomer: Moon Starer
The Eyes: They See
Geologist = Go Get Oils
Christmas = Trims cash
Why do you care? = Hey you coward!
President Bush = Burnished Pest
Action man = cannot aim
The Simpson's = men's hot piss
Year two thousand = a year to shut down
Debit card = Bad Credit
shower time = where moist
Santa Monica = satanic moan
goodbye = Obey god
ipod lover = poor devil
Narcissism = Man's crisis
Actor Sylvester Stallone = Very cool talentless star
Funeral = Real Fun
comfort is = microsoft
Hot water = Worth tea
Television programming = Permeating living rooms
Margaret Thatcher = That great charmer
Darling I love you = Avoiding our yell
The Country Side = No City Dust Here
Flamethrower = oh, felt warmer
Clint Eastwood = Old West Action
Ronald Wilson Reagan = Insane Anglo Warlord
Saddam Hussain = Humans sad side
Sheryl crow = her slow cry
Howard Stern = Retard Shown
Ladybug = bald guy
Astronomers = No more stars
Snooze Alarms = Alas! No More Z's
A Gentleman = Elegant Man
I hate school = oh so ethical
No admittance = contaminated
Microwave = Warm Voice
Austin Powers = power us satin
T.S. Eliot = toilets
A telescope = To see place
Elvis = lives
Justin Timberlake = im a jerk but listen
Mel Gibson = Big Melons
The Apple Macintosh = Machines apt to help
Eleven plus two = Twelve plus one
Christmas = Trims cash
The Meaning of Life = The fine game of nil
Schoolmaster = The classroom
A shoplifter = has to pilfer
listen = silent
Chemistry = shit, me cry
Gene Simmons = Immense Song
A Domesticated Animal = Docile, as a Man Tamed it
Garbage Man = Bag Manager



 

Language & Words Trivia &Facts



The word "Checkmate" in chess comes from the Persian phrase "Shah Mat," which means "the king is dead".

The only city whose name can be spelled completely with vowels is Aiea, Hawaii.
Facetious and abstemious contain all the vowels in the correct order, as does arsenious, meaning "containing arsenic."

"Polish" is the only word in the English language that when capitalized is changed from a noun or a verb to a nationality.

"Corduroy" comes from the French, "cord du roi" or "cloth of the king."

The slash character is called a virgule, or solidus. A URL uses slash characters, not back slash characters.

The only 15 letter word that can be spelled without repeating a letter is uncopyrightable.

The verb "cleave" is the only English word with two synonyms which are antonyms of each other: adhere and separate.

The combination "ough" can be pronounced in nine different ways. The following sentence contains them all: "A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman strode through the streets of Scarborough; after falling into a slough, he coughed and hiccoughed."

The highest scoring word in the English language game of Scrabble is 'Quartzy'. This will score 164 points if played across a red triple-word square with the Z on a light blue double-letter square. It will score 162 points if played across two pink double-word squares with the Q and the Y on those squares. 'Bezique' and 'Cazique' are next with a possible 161 points. All three words score an extra 50 points for having seven letters and therefore emptying the letter rack in one go.

The English word with the most consonants in a row is latchstring.

The word "robot" was created by Karel Capek. It came from Czech/Slovak "robotovat," which means to work very hard.

The only word that consists of two letters, each used three times is the word "deeded."

A hamlet is a village without a church and a town is not a city until it has a cathedral.

The stress in Hungarian words always falls on the first syllable.

The word "karate" means "empty hand."

The word "girl" appears only once in the Bible.

The abbrevation "PDX" (Portland International Airport) is derived from "P" standing for Portland and "DX" meaning long distance or wide reaching.

The abbreviation "ORD" for Chicago's O'Hare airport comes from the old name "Orchard Field."

Switching letters is called spoonerism. For example, saying jag of Flapan, instead of flag of Japan.

A H I M O T U V W X Y are the symmetric capital letters in the Roman alphabet. i l o t u v w x are the symmetric lower case letters in the Roman alphabet.

All Hebrew orignating names that end with the letters "el" have something to do with God.

The 'v' in the name of a court case does not stand for 'versus', but for 'and' (in civil proceedings) or 'against' (in criminal proceedings).

The term, honeymoon, is derived from the Babylonians who declared mead, a honey-flavored wine, the official wedding drink, stipulating that the bride's parents be required to keep the groom supplied with the drink for the month following the wedding; that month became known as the honeymonth, hence our honeymoon.

"Rhythm" and "syzygy" are the longest English words without vowels.

The national anthem of the Netherlands "Het Wilhelmus," is an 'acrostichon.' The first letters of each of the fifteen verses represent the name "Willem Van Nassov" (old spelling.)

The two longest one-syllable words in the English language are "screeched" and "strengths." Source: Michael Baraz

'Strengths' is the longest word in the English language with just one vowel.

The longest place-name still in use is Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu, a New Zealand hill.

The longest word in the English language, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis. It is a a pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of very fine silicate or quartz dust. The only other word with the same amount of letters is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconioses, its plural.

The second longest word in the Oxford English Dictionary is "floccinaucinihilipilification," which means "the act of estimating as worthless."

The third longest word in the English language is "antidisestablishmenterianism".

The longest muscle name is the "levator labiisuperioris alaeque nasi" and Elvis popularized it with his lip motions.

'Stewardesses' and 'reverberated' are the two longest words (12 letters each) that can be typed using on the left hand.

The longest word that can be typed using on the right hand is 'lollipop'.

'Skepticisms' is the longest word that can be typed using alternate hands.

One of the longest English words that can be typed using the top row of a typewriter (allowing multiple uses of letters) is 'typewriter.'

One out of every eight letters used in written English is an e. Source: "2201 Fascinating Facts"

Alma mater means bountiful mother.

No words in the English language rhyme with orange, silver or purple.

The language Malayalam, spoken in parts of India, is the only language whose name is a palindrome.

The words 'sacrilegious' and 'religion' do not share the same etymological root.

The phrase "sleep tight" originated when mattresses were set upon ropes woven through the bed frame. To remedy sagging ropes, one would use a bed key to tighten the rope.

No word in the English language rhymes with month.

"Evian" spelled backwards is naive.

The word denim comes from 'deNimes', or from Nimes, a place in France.

Dublin comes from the Irish Dubh Linn which means Blackpool.

Scottish is the language called Gaelic, whereas Irish is actually called Gaeilge.

"Freelance" comes from a knight whose lance was free for hire, i.e. not pledged to one master.

The term "Mayday" used for signaling for help after (SOS), it comes from the French term "M'aidez" which is pronounced "MayDay" and means, "Help Me"

The term "devil's advocate"comes from the Roman Catholic church. When deciding if someone should become a saint, a devil's advocate is always appointed to give an alternative view.

When two words are combined to form a single word (e.g., motor + hotel = motel, breakfast + lunch = brunch) the new word is called a "portmanteau."

Avocado is derived from the Spanish word 'aguacate' which is derived from 'ahuacatl' meaning testicle.

AM and PM stand for "Ante-Meridian" and "Post-Meridian," respectively, and A.D. actually stands for "Anno Domini" rather than "After Death."

The phrase "rule of thumb" is derived from an old English law which stated that you couldn't beat your wife with anything wider than your thumb.

Lucifer is latin for "Light Bringer". It is a translation of the Hebrew name for Satan, Halael. Satan Means "adversary", devil means "liar".

Facetious and abstemious contain all the vowels in the correct order.

The heraldic term "gules", meaning red, comes from the French word "gueules", meaning a throat.

The "D" in D-day means "Day". The French term for "D-Day" is "J-jour".

The only Dutch word to contain eight consecutive consonants is 'angstschreeuw'.

There is a word in the English language with only one vowel, which occurs six times: Indivisibility.

The letters H I O X in the latin alphabet is the only ones that look the same if you turn them upside down or see them from behind.

There are only 12 letters in the Hawaiian alphabet.

The youngest letters in the English language are "j," "v" and "w."

The only capital letter in the Roman alphabet with exactly one end point is P.

The dot over the letter 'i' is called a tittle.

"Xmas" does not begin with the Roman letter X. It begins with the Greek letter "chi," which was used in medieval manuscripts as an abbreviation for the word "Christ" (xus=christus, etc.)

The letter W is the only letter in the alphabet that doesn't have 1 syllable... it has three.

"Bookkeeper" and "bookkeeping" are the only words in the English language with three consecutive double letters.

There is a seven letter word in the English language that contains ten words without rearranging any of its letters, "therein": the, there, he, in, rein, her, here, here, ere therein, herein.

"Underground" is the only word in the English language that begins and ends with the letters "und."

"Dreamt" is the only English word that ends in the letters "mt".

There are only three words in the English language with the letter combination "uu." Muumuu, vacuum and continuum.

The first letters of the names of the Great Lakes spell HOMES.

The first letters of the months July through November, in order, spell the name JASON.

The oldest word in the English language is "town"

Hydroxydesoxycorticosteroneandhydroxydeoxycorticosterones are the largest anagrams.

Los Angeles's full name is "El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora la Reina de los Angeles de Porciuncula" and can be abbreviated to 3.63% of its size, "L.A."

The Old English word for "sneeze" is "fneosan."

The word "Boondocks" comes from the Tagalog (Filipino) word "Bundok," which means mountain.

Maine is the only state whose name is just one syllable.

The derivation of the word trivia comes from the Latin "tri-" + "via", which means three streets. This is because in ancient times, at an intersection of three streeets in Rome (or some other Italian place), they would have a type of kiosk where ancillary information was listed. You might be interested in it, you might not, hence they were bits of "trivia."

There are only four words in the English language which end in "-dous": tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous.

"Speak of the Devil" is short for "Speak of the Devil and he shall come". It was believed that if you spoke about the Devil it would attract his attention. That's why when your talking about someone and they show up people say "Speak of the Devil"

The "Nullarbor" in Nullarbor Desert in Western Australia is a Latin name; Null=No, Arbor=Trees.

The word "samba" means "to rub navels together."

The 'y' in signs reading "ye olde.." is properly pronounced with a 'th' sound, not 'y'. The "th" sound does not exist in Latin, so ancient Roman occupied (present day) England use the rune "thorn" to represent "th" sounds. With the advent of the printing press the character from the Roman alphabet which closest resembled thorn was the lower case "y".

"Hara kiri" is an impolite way of saying the Japanese word "seppuku" which means, literally, "belly splitting."

The word "set" has more definitions than any other word in the English language.

The word "moose" was originally Algonquin.

The Sanskrit word for "war" means "desire for more cows."

The ampersand (&) is actually a stylised version of the Latin word "et," meaning and."

The word "hangnail" comes from Middle English:ang- (painful) + nail. Nothing to do with hanging.

QANTAS, the name of the Australian national airline, is a (former) acronym, for Queensland And Northern Territories Air Service.

The word 'byte' is a contraction of 'by eight.'

The word 'pixel' is a contraction of either 'picture cell' or 'picture element.'

No modern language has a true concept of "I am." It is always used linked with are in reference of another verb.

The naval rank of "Admiral" is derived from the Arabic phrase "amir al bahr", which means "lord of the sea"

In Chinese, the words for crisis and opportunity are the same.

German has a word for the peace offerings brought to your mate when you've committed some conceived slight. This is "drachenfutter" or dragon's food.

The Chinese ideogram for "trouble" symbolizes "two women living under one roof".

The correct response to the Irish greeting, "Top of the morning to you," is "and the rest of the day to yourself."

Swahili is acombination of African tribal languages, Arabic and Portuguese.

The abbreviation for pound, "lb.," comes from the astrological sign Libra, meaning balance, and symbolized by scales.

The name Jeep came from the abbreviation used in the army for the "General Purpose" vehicle, G.P.

The native tribe of Tierradel Fuego has a language so guttural it cannot have an alphabet.

Sheriff came from Shire Reeve. During early years of monarchial rule in England, each shire had a reeve who was the law for that shire. When the term was brought to the United States it was shortned to Sheriff.

The Greek version of the Old Testament is called the Septuagint.

The word "queueing" is the only English word with five consecutive vowels.

The word "modem" is a contraction of the words "modulate, demodulate." (MOdulateDEModulate)

"Mr. Mojo Risin" is an anagram for Jim Morrison.

The shortest French word with all five vowels is "oiseau" meaning bird.

Pinocchio is Italian for "pine head."

The infinity sign is called a lemniscate.

The only word in the English language with all five vowels in reverse order is "subcontinental."





 

A Visual Dictionary of Philosophy: Major Schools of Thought in Minimalist Geometric Graphics


Skepticism
True knowledge or certainty in a particular area is impossible. Skeptics have an attitude of doubt or a disposition of incredulity either in general or toward a particular object.


Relativism
Points of view have no absolute truth or validity, having only relative, subjective value according to differences in perception and consideration. Principles and ethics are regarded as applicable in only limited context.

Absolutism
An absolute truth is always correct under any condition. An entity's ability to discern these things is irrelevant to that state of truth. Universal facts can be discovered. It is opposed to relativism, which claims that there is not an unique truth.

Positivism
The only authentic knowledge is that which is based on sense, experience and positive verification. Scientific method is the best process for uncovering the processes by which both physical and human events occur.

Empiricism
Knowledge arises from evidence gathered via sense experience. Empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory perception, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of innate ideas or tradition.

Humanism
Human beings can lead happy and functional lives, and are capable of being ethical and moral without religion or dogma. Life stance emphasized the unique responsibility facing humanity and the ethical consequences of human decisions.

Hedonism
Pleasure is the only intrinsic good. Actions can be evaluated in terms of how much pleasure they produce. In very simple terms, a hedonist strives to maximize the pleasure and minimize the pain.

Holism
The properties of a given system cannot be determined or explained by its parts alone. Instead, the system as a whole determines in an important way how the parts behave.

Authoritarianism
Submission to authority and opposed to individualism and democracy. An authoritarian government is one in which political power is concentrated in a leader who possesses exclusive, unaccountable, and arbitrary power.

Determinism
Events within a given paradigm are bound by causality in such a way that any state of an object or event is determined by prior states. Every type of event, including human cognition (behavior, decision, and action) is causally determined by previous events.

Solipsism
Knowledge of anything outside one's own specific mind is unjustified. The external world and other minds cannot be known and might not exist.
 

The Earth’s Seasonal “Heartbeat” as Seen from Space



We all know that as the seasons change on Earth, temperatures rise and fall, plants grow or die, ice forms or melts away. Perhaps nobody is more aware of this than NASA’s Visible Earth team who provide a vast catalog of images of our home planet as seen from space. Last month designer, cartographer, and dataviz expert John Nelson download a sequence of twelve cloud-free satellite imagery mosaics of Earth, one from each month, and then created a number of vivid animated gifs showing the seasonal changes in vegetation and land ice around the world.

Despite having encountered numerous seasonal timelapse videos shot here on Earth, this is the first time I’ve ever seen anything like this visualized on such a large scale from space. It really looks like a heartbeat or the action of breathing. Read more over on Nelson’s blog, or see a much larger version of the gif here
 

New Mind-Warping Animated GIF Art from Paolo Čeric




 

Hand Drawn Rotoscoping Gifs and Other Animation Experiments by Matthias Brown

In case you’re unfamiliar, rotoscoping is method where animators trace real footage frame by frame to create live-action animations with a hand drawn feel, a technique invented in 1915 by Max Fleischer who used it in his series Out of the Inkwell. While the technique is a century old it’s oddly refreshing to see it appear in today’s barrage of animated gifs, gritty imperfections and all. You can see much more of Brown’s work over on his aptly titled site TraceLoops,\



 

Nuance: Dancing with Light

In this new short from Marc-Antoine Locatelli, dancer Lucas Boirat is seen battling with various geometric forms of light that launch and morph as part of a carefully choreographed dance that marries human motion with motion graphics. It reminded me a bit of Proeigon.

 

Full Turn: 3D Light Sculptures Created from Rotating Flat Screen Monitors at High Speed



Full Turn is a kinetic light sculpture by Benjamin Muzzin created as a diploma project for his bachelor degree atECAL. The piece was constructed from two flat screen monitors placed back-to-back and spun at extremely high speed resulting in three-dimensional light forms that hover in thin air. Of the work he says:


With this project I wanted to explore the notion of the third dimension, with the desire to try to get out of the usual frame of a flat screen. For this, my work mainly consisted in exploring and experimenting a different device for displaying images, trying to give animations volume in space. The resulting machine works with the rotation of two screens placed back to back, creating a three-dimensional animated sequence that can be seen at 360 degrees. Due to the persistence of vision, the shapes that appear on the screen turn into kinetic light sculptures.


 

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10 Facts about Pi


1. Pi is the most recognized mathematical constant in the world. Scholars often consider Pi the most important and intriguing number in all of mathematics.
2. In 2002, a Japanese scientist found 1.24 trillion digits of pi using a powerful computer called the Hitachi SR 8000, breaking all previous records. The current record for calculating pi, as of 2010, is to 5 trillion digits 
3. In 2005, Lu Chao of China set a world record by memorising the first 67,890 digits of pi.
4. Computing pi is a stress test for a computer -- a kind of "digital cardiogram.
5. The first 144 digits of pi add up to 666, the Number of the Beast in the Book of Revelation.
6. William Shanks (1812-1882) worked for years by hand to find the first 707 digits of pi. Unfortunately, he made a mistake after the 527th place and, consequently, the following digits were all wrong.
7. Albert Einstein was born on Pi day. March 14 is international Pi Day. Get it: pi is 3.14, and March 14 is 3/14.
8. Before the p symbol was used, mathematicians would describe pi in round-about ways such as “quantitas, in quam cum multipliectur diameter, proveniet circumferential,” which means “the quantity which, when the diameter is multiplied by it, yields the circumference.
8. Plato (427-348 B.C.) supposedly obtained for his day a fairly accurate value for pi: v2 + v3 = 3.146.
9. A Web site titled “The Pi-Search Page” finds a person’s birthday and other well known numbers in the digits of pi.
10. 3.14 backwards looks like PIE. "I prefer pi" is a palindrome.
 

10 facts about Numbers:

1. -40 is the only point at which the fahrenheit and centigrade scales meet. -40F is the same as -40C.
2. 23888 is the largest number representable with standard Roman numeral notation. In Roman numerals it appears:MMMDCCCLXXXVIII.
3. The Duke of Wellington’s London home at Aspley House had the address Number One, London, as it was the first house one came across after tollgates at the top of Knightsbridge.
4. The Biblical Book of Numbers takes its name from two censuses numbering the people of Israel.
5. If you add up all the numbers on a roulette wheel, the answer comes to 666, the Number of the Beast in the Book of Revelation.
6. A car number plate bearing only the number ‘1’ sold for £7.1million at a charity auction in the United Arab Emirates in February, 2008.
7. Forty is the only number which when spelled out in English has its letters in alphabetical order.
8. The highest number that can be spelled out without using any letter more than once is five thousand. The next highest is eighty-four.
9. The word ‘hundred’ derives from ‘hundra’ in Old Norse, which originally meant 120.
10. 12 + 3 – 4 + 5 + 67 + 8 + 9 = 100.
 

10 facts about the Letters of the Alphabet

1. The letters H, I, O, and X are the only letters that look the same if you flip them upside down or view them from behind.
2. "W" is the only letter in the alphabet that does not have one syllable. It has three!
3. The English word alphabet comes to us, by way of Latin, from the names of the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, alpha and beta.

4. The most commonly used letter from the English alphabet is E and the least used is Z.
5. More English words begin with the letter "s" than with any other letter.
6. A sentence which contains all 26 letters of the English alphabet is called a pangram. A famous pangram is: “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.” but there are even shorter ones such as: “Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs.”
7. The 26 letters of the English alphabet make up more than 40 distinct sounds. Since there are a lot more sounds than letters, many letters have different pronunciations.
8. The most common consonant in English is "r", followed by "t".
9. There is a lake in Massachusetts whose name is 45-letter long and contains no E and T the most frequently used letters of English. The name of this lake is CHARGOGGAGOGGMANCHAUGGAGOGGCHAUBUNAGUNGAMAUGG.
10. The only three words in the English language to have 2 consecutive u’s is vacuum, residuum, and continuum.
Bonus: The following sentence contains 7 identical words in a row and still makes sense. "It is true for all that that that that that that that refers to is not the same that that that that refers to." (= It is true for all that, that that "that" which that "that" refers to is not the same "that" which that "that" refers to.)
 

How many bytes for...

Information objectHow many bytes
A binary decision1 bit
A single text characterbyte
A typical text word10 bytes
A typewritten page2 kilobyte s ( KB s)
A low-resolution photograph100 kilobytes
A short novel1 megabyte ( MB )
The contents of a 3.5 inch floppy disk1.44 megabytes
A high-resolution photograph2 megabytes
The complete works of Shakespeare5 megabytes
A minute of high-fidelity sound10 megabytes
One meter (or close to a yard) of shelved books100 megabytes
The contents of a CD-ROM500 megabytes
A pickup truck filled with books1 gigabyte GB )
The contents of a DVD17 gigabyte s
A collection of the works of Beethoven20 gigabytes
A library floor of academic journals100 gigabytes
50,000 trees made into paper and printed1 terabyte ( TB )
An academic research library2 terabytes
The print collections of the U.S. Library of Congress10 terabytes
The National Climactic Data Center database400 terabytes
Three years' of EOS data (2001)petabyte ( PB )
All U.S. academic research libraries2 petabytes
All hard disk capacity developed in 199520 petabytes
All printed material in the world200 petabytes
Total volume of information generated in 19992 exabyte s ( EB s)
All words ever spoken by human beings5 exabytes

 How Many Bytes for a Web Site
The following table is derived from "How Much Storage Space Will You Need?," by Roy Harper, a WorkZ.com Contributing Editor.

Information objectHow many bytes
The amount of text on an average print page (when converted into HTML)1 kilobyte ( KB )
A button-size image for a Web page1 KB to 5 KB
A larger image for a Web page30 to 60 KB and larger
An average Web site5 megabyte s ( MB )
The range for typical PDF files100 to 800 KB
A video or audio downloadable fileTypically range from 500 KB to 10 MB
An MP3 (music) downloadable file2 to 5 MB
A downloadable program or driverWill usually tell you before you download it

 How Much Information Exists
Since 2000, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have continued to estimate each year how much information exists on the planet Earth. The Executive Summary of their report, "How Much Information? 2003" is available at their Web site. Here are just a few highlights:

Information objectHow many bytes
How much information each person on earth produces per year1 to 2 exabyte s
How much of the above is printed information.03% of the total
How much e-mail information per year11,265 terabyte s
How much radio information788 terabytes
How much TV information14,150 terabytes
How much telephone information576,000 terabytes
How much postal information150,000 terabytes
How much office document information195 terabytes
 

instant messaging abbreviations

AbbreviationMeaning
<3heart
404I haven't a clue
A3Anyplace, anywhere, anytime
ADNAny day now
AFAIKAs far as I know
AFKAway from keyboard
AREAcronym-rich environment
ASAPAs soon as possible
A/S/L?Age/sex/location?
B4NBye for now
BAKBack at the keyboard


BBIABBe back in a bit
BBLBe back later
BBNBye bye now
BBSBe back soon
BEGBig evil grin
BFBoy friend


BFNBye for now
BGBig grin
BIBOBeer in, beer out
BIOYIOPBlow it out your I/O port
BLBelly laughing

BMGWLBusting my gut with laughter
BOTECBack-of-the-envelope calculation
BRBBe right back
BTABut then again...
BTDTBeen there, done that
BTWBy the way
BWLBursting with laughter
BWTHDIKBut what the heck do I know...?
CICOCoffee in, coffee out
C&GChuckle and grin
CNPContinued in next post
CFUUCustomer f***ed up unit
CHUACustomer's head up a**
CJWBCustomer just wanted to bitch
CMIUCustomer misunderstood intended use
CNDLCustomer not deserving of life
COCRCustomer obviously can't read
CRBCome right back
CRBTCrying real big tears
CRSCan't read s**t
CUSee you
CULSee you later
CUL8ERSee you later
CYASee ya
CYACover your ass
CYOSee you online
DBADoing business as
DFLADisenhanced four-letter acronym (that is, a TLA)
DLDead link
DLTBBBDon't let the bed bugs bite
DIKUDo I know you?
DITYIDDid I tell you I'm distressed?
DOMDirty old man
DOSDozing off soon
DQMOTDon't quote me on this
DTRTDo the right thing
DWBDon't write back
E2Eexchange to exchange
E2Ee-business to e-business
E2Eemployee to employee
E2Eend to end
EEGFExposed to excessive G force (dropped, etc)
EEMDEnvironment exceeded manufacture's design
EGEvil grin
EIOEEthanol-induced operator error
EMFBIExcuse me for butting in
EMSGE-mail message
EOMEnd of message
EOTEnd of thread (meaning: end of discussion)


ESTOEquipment Smarter Than Operator
ETLAExtended three-letter acronym (that is, an FLA)
EWGevil wicked grin
F2FFace to face
FAQFrequently-ask question(s)
FCFingers crossed
FISHFirst in, still here
FLAFour-letter acronym
FMTYEWTKFar more than you ever wanted to know
FOMCLFalling off my chair laughing
FTBOMHFrom the bottom of my heart
FUBARF***ed up beyond all repair or recognition
FUDFear, Uncertainty, and Doubt
FWIWFor what it's worth
FYIFor your information
GGrin
GAGo ahead
GALGet a life
GIGOGarbage in, garbage out
GD&RGrinning, ducking, and running
GFGirlfriend
GFNGone for now
GGPGotta go pee
GIWISTGee, I wish I'd said that
GLGood luck
GMABGive me a break
GMTAGreat minds think alike
GOLGiggling out loud
GTRMGoing to read mail
GTSYGlad to see you
H&KHug and kiss
HAGNHave a good night
HANDHave a nice day
HEMDHumidity exceeded manufacture's design
HHISHanging head in shame
HIGHow's it going
HTHi there
HTHHope this helps
HUBHead up butt
IACIn any case
IAEIn any event
IANALI am not a lawyer (but)
IAWI agree with or In accordance with
ICI see
IGPI gotta pee
IHAI hate acronyms
IHUI hear you
IIRCIf I recall/remember/recollect correctly
ILU or ILYI love you
IMImmediate message
IMCOIn my considered opinion
IMHOIn my humble opinion
IMingChatting with someone online usually while doing other things such as playing trivia or other interactive game
IMNSHOIn my not so humble opinion
IMOIn my opinion
IMSI am sorry
IOWIn other words
IPNI'm posting naked
IRLIn real life (that is, when not chatting)
ITAI totally agree
ITIGBSI think I'm going to be sick
IWALUI will always love you
IYSWIMIf you see what I mean
J4GJust for grins
JBODJust a bunch of disks (like redundant array of independent disks, etc.)
JICJust in case
JK or j/kJust kidding
JMOJust my opinion
JTLYKJust to let you know
kok
KISSKeep it simple stupid
KITKeep in touch
KOTCKiss on the cheek
KOTLKiss on the lips
KWIM?Know what I mean?
L8RLater
L8R G8RLater gator
LDLater, dude
LDRLong-distance relationship
LHOLaughing head off
LLTALots and lots of thunderous applause


LMAOLaughing my a** off
LMSOLaughing my socks off
LOLLaughing out loud
LRFLittle Rubber Feet (the little pads on the bottom of displays and other equipment)
LSHMBHLaughing so hard my belly hurts
LTMLaugh to myself
LTNSLong time no see
LTRLong-term relationship
LULABLove you like a brother
LULASLove you like a sister
LUWAMHLove you with all my heart
LYLove ya
LY4ELove ya forever
MorFMale or female
MOSSMember of the same sex
MOTOSMember of the opposite sex
MTFMore to follow
MUSMMiss you so much
NADTNot a darn thing


NFWNo feasible way or no f*****g way
NIFOCNaked in front of computer
NP or N/PNo problem
NPINo pun intended
NRNNo response necessary
OICOh, I see
OLLOnline love
OMGOh my God
OTFOff the floor
OTOHOn the other hand
OTTOMHOff the top of my head
PANSPretty awesome new stuff (as opposed to "POTS")
PAWParents are watching
PCMCIAPeople can't master computer industry acronyms
PDAPublic display of affection
PEBCAKProblem exists between chair and keyboard
PIBKACProblem is between keyboard and chair
PIPun intended
PITAPain in the ass
PMPrivate message
PMFJIBPardon me for jumping in but...
POAHFPut on a happy face
::POOF::Goodbye (leaving the room)
POTSPlain old telephone service
PUThat stinks!
QTCutie
RLReal life (that is, when not chatting)
RORRaffing out roud (Engrish for "laughing out loud")
ROTFLRolling on the floor laughing
ROTFLMAORolling on the floor laughing my a** off
ROTFLMAOWPIMPRolling on the floor laughing my a** off while peeing in my pants
ROTFLMBORolling on the floor laughing my butt off
RPGRole-playing games
RSNReal soon now
RTReal time


RYORoll your own (write your own program; derived from cigarettes rolled yourself with tobacco and paper)
S^S'up - what's up
S4LSpam for life (what you may get when you become someone's customer or client)
SHCOONShoot hot coffee out of nose


SETESmiling ear to ear
SFSurfer-friendly (low-graphics Web site)
SHIDSlaps head in disgust
SNAFUSituation normal, all f***ed up
SOSignificant other
SOLSmilling out loud or sh*t out of luck
SOMYSick of me yet?
SOTShort on time
SOTMGShort on time must go
STFUShut the f**k up
STFWSearch the f*****g Web
STWSearch the Web
SUShut up
SUAKMShut up and kiss me
SUPWhat's up


SWAKSealed with a kiss
SWLScreaming with laughter
SYSSee you soon
TAThanks again
TAFNThat's all for now
TANSTAAFLThere ain't no such thing as a free lunch
TCOYTake care of yourself
TD2OToo Drunk To Operate
TFHThread from hell (a discussion that just won't die and is often irrelevant to the purpose of the forum or group)
TGIFThank God it's Friday
THXThanks
TIAThanks in advance (used if you post a question and are expecting a helpful reply)
TILIITell it like it is
TLAThree-letter acronym
TLK2UL8RTalk to you later
TB4UToo bad for you
TMIToo much information
TNTTill next time
TOPCATil our paths cross again (early Celtic chat term)
TOYThinking of you
TPTBThe powers that be
TTFNTa-Ta for now
TTTThought that, too (when someone types in what you were about to type)
TTYLTalk to you later
TUThank you
TYThank you
TYVMThank you very much
UAPITAYou're a pain in the ass
UAFUntil further notice
UWYou're welcome
UWFSUnit Went For a Swim
VBGVery big grin




WAYDWhat are you doing
WBWelcome back
WBSWrite back soon
WDALYICWho died and left you in charge?
WEGWicked evil grin
WFMWorks for me
WIBNIWouldn't it be nice if
WOMTWaste of my time
WT?What/who the ?






 

3d world